The ingredients in Adipril can also be found in another diet pill, LipoFuze. In weight loss products the ingredients need to be present in potent enough dosages to have any effect. As the amount of each ingredient in Adipril is not disclosed, it is difficult to assess if they present in high enough dosages to promote significant weight loss. The effects of potential interaction between the 14 ingredients in Adipril have not been clinically evaluated. Internet sites have reported that some users have experienced profuse sweating, headaches, nausea, insomnia and increased heart rate after taking Adipril.

Related article: Adipril Review

Adipril ingredients

The fat burner Adipril contains 6 patented and 4 clinically tested ingredients. The ingredients include:

Bioperine: This ingredient is a standardized extract from the fruit of Piper nigrum L (black pepper) or Piper longum L (long pepper). Bioperine contains 95 percent piperine and has been demostrated in clinical studies to increase the absorption of ingredients in nutritional supplement formulations. Additional absorption may not necessarily be beneficial. It is possible that the use of Bioperine may increase the side effects of certain supplements or drugs due to increased absorption.

ForsLean: ForsLean is derived from the root of Coleaus forskohlii. It is the only known plant source of the natural compound Forskolin. This compound is believed to increase lean body mass and help optimize body composition though cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) activation. A number (but not all) of clinical studies have indicated that taking Coleaus forskohlii may result in an increase in heart rate and a decrease in blood pressure.

FucoPure: This is a seaweed extract and is the patented version of fucoxanthin. There are a number of studies that indicated that fucoxanthin has the ability to boost metabolism, but to date, they all of these studies have been carried out on animals. It has also been shown that fucoxanthin cannot be easily absorbed by the human body. Additionally, it has been demonstrated clinically that compounds such as fucoxanthin have low bioavailability in man (e.g. Br J Nutr. 2008;100(2):273-7). One gram of seaweed has several times the amount of iodine that most adults require on a daily basis. Therefore, a potential fucoxanthin side effect could include changes in thyroid function due to iodine excess.

Green tea: Green tea has been shown to promote modest weight loss. However, it needs to be taken in relatively high concentration, and to contain high levels of catechins. In Adipril, the amount of green tea present in the formulation is not indicated. Users of green tea sensitive to caffeine could experience any of the following side effects: irritability, restlessness, nausea, insomnia, tremors, heart palpitations, upset stomach, frequent urination and skin rash.

GuggulEZ100: This ingredient is a patented extract of Commiphora mukul. Other common names for GuggulEZ100 are Gugalipids and Guggul. In India Guggul is used to treat high blood cholesterol. It lowers cholesterol and triglyceride levels and helps maintain a healthy balance of HDL, the good cholesterol, relative to LDL, the bad cholesterol (the HDL/LDL ratio), thereby protecting against cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Studies have concluded that Guggal is safe and effective in lowering the various lipid fractions that are known to contribute to coronary heart disease. There is some clinical evidence to suggest that Guggul may promote fat burning (e.g. J Postgrad Med. 1995;41(1):5-7) by stimulating the secretion of the thyroid T3 hormone.

Razberi-K: This ingredient, also known as raspberry ketone or 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butan-2-one, is believed to promote weight loss by stimulating norepinephrine. Razberi-K is claimed to aid fat oxidation, but clinical studies have not convincingly demonstrated its effectiveness. One study undertaken on rodents showed that raspberry ketones blocked fat synthesis as well as an increase in blood triglycerides and helped to prevent excess weight gain. The chemical structure of raspberry ketone is similar to that of capsaicin and synephrine. Both of these compounds have the ability to boost thermogenesis through the release of norepinephrine. However, there are health risks associated with the use of these two ingredients; synephrine has been demonstrated to have cardiovascular side effects, while capsaicin has been shown to cause gastrointestinal problems in many users. No side effects related to raspberry ketone consumption have been reported.

Synephrine HCL: Synephrine is derived from the Citrus aurantium plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. Synephrine can help burn fat, suppress appetite and increase energy. However, clinical studies have revealed that Citrus aurantium induces only a relatively modest increase in thermogenesis. Reported side effects include headache, anxiety, insomnia, nervousness, tremor, dry mouth, blurred vision, increased heart rate and blood pressure. Synephrine may also reduce the ability to urinate. Consult a medical practitioner if you have any history of high blood pressure, anxiety, urinary problems or cardiac disease. In addition, combining decongestants with other medicines with similar side effects may lead to dangerous complications.

ThermoDiamine: This ingredient is the patented version of evodiamine, a Chinese fruit that is claimed to burn body fat by increasing the production of heat and reducing the ability to store fat. However, no studies have been conducted in man so far. At present only an animal-based study has been carried out and there is no clinical data on whether or not evodiamine is an effective weight loss agent in human subjects.

Capsaicin: This compound is extracted from Chile peppers. It is thought that capsaicin generates heat in the body thereby boosting the burning of calories. However, it appears that very high doses are required for capsaicin to be effective. Severe gastrointestinal side effects have been reported in patients taking capsaicin. While rare, serious allergic reactions to capsaicin can occur. Contact a doctor immediately should difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, lips, or face, severe dizziness, skin rash, hives or itching be experienced.

7-OXO DHEA: This ingredient is a metabolite of the steroid hormone DHEA. This metabolite has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on thyroid hormone levels in obese subjects, without apparent side effects (e.g. J Nutr Biochem. 2007; 18(9):629-34. Current Therapeutics. (7):435-442 2000). 7-OXO DHEA has been found to be safe in animals at high doses and in humans at up to 200 mg daily. 7-OXO-DHEA should not be taken if you are being treated with glucocorticoids, because it may interfere with their effectiveness.

Is Adipril effective?

User feedback on Adipril has varied. Some slimmers have reported rapid weight loss in the first few days (water loss?) when combined with diet and exercise, but the rate of weight loss is lower than claimed by the manufacturers.

BetaStax is a diet pill designed to burn fat, preserve lean muscle and provide energy. It is one of the most popular fat burner products sold at major online retailer BodyBuilding.com and can also be purchased in stores. Some consumers have complained of side effects including stomach discomfort, constipation, nervousness, jitters, dizziness and lightheadedness.

See also: BetaStax review

BetaStax pros

• BetaStax can be purchased in stores including GNC
• There are some testimonials presented on the website
• BetaStax does have a return guarantee but only on unopened bottles

BetaStax cons

• There is a large number of ingredients in this supplement
• Caffeine is one of the key ingredients and can have side effects
• At the time of writing clinical trial results are not detailed by the manufacturer

Side effects of BetaStax

Users frequently report a surge of energy after taking BetaStax. The manufacturer suggests starting with half the dosage to assess tolerance. Some consumers have complained of side effects including nervousness, jitters, dizziness, stomach discomfort, constipation and lightheadedness. Ingredients in BetaStax that could cause side effects include:

Caffeine: This compound is incorporated into many weight loss supplements available today. There are numerous warnings from the manufacturer in relation to BetaStax. The majority are targeted at pregnant and nursing women, probably due to the caffeine content of the supplement. Caffeine can cause anxiety, headaches, diarrhea, insomnia and increased heart rate. BetaStax does contain other stimulants such as Citrus aurantium that can cause jitters and other caffeine-type side effects.

Chromium: Chromium has reported side effects, even when taken in low doses of 200-400 mcg per day. These side effects include headaches, insomnia and sleep disturbances. Irritability, mood change and some weight gain may also occur. There have been cognitive, perceptual and motor dysfunction reported in some extreme cases. A high dose of chromium, 600-2400 mcg per day, may cause anemia, thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, hepatic dysfunction and renal failure.

Advantra-Z: This compound is a patented form of Synephrine, an alkaloid that is derived from Citrus aurantium. It is considered as a safe alternative to the now banned Ephedra and is believed to promote thermogenesis. Manufacturers claim that Synephrine provides the fat burning effects of Ephedra, but without side effects such as sleeplessness, jitters, elevated blood pressure, etc. However, there are studies that indicate that Synephrine can elevate blood pressure and heart rate (e.g. Ann. Pharmacother. [2006] 40(1):53-7).

CLA: Clinical studies have demonstrated that there are no adverse side effects associated with CLA when taken at the recommended dose. However, some users have reported stomach upset, stomach ache and in some cases mild diarrhea. Some individuals have reported feeling slightly nauseous after taking CLA and there have been isolated cases of gastrointestinal upset or loose stools.

BetaStax safety

Betastax should not be used by individuals with medical conditions that include:

• Pre-existing medical conditions or a family history of medical conditions such as heart, liver or kidney disease
• Caffeine sensitivity
• High blood pressure
• Liver conditions
• Conditions requiring treatment with an MAO Inhibitor
• Glaucoma

BetaStax dosage

It is recommended that BetaStax be taken twice daily with morning and afternoon meals. A full daily serving is 4 capsules of BetaStax. Each bottle of BetaStax contains a 1 month supply (120 capsules in a single container). The manufacturer recommends taking 2 capsules prior to breakfast and 2 capsules prior to lunch with 8 ounces of water. Do not take in the evening. Do not exceed 4 capsules per day. Begin use with one-half the suggested serving for the first week (one capsule twice per day). For best results use as part of a sensible diet and exercise program. Consult a medical doctor prior to beginning any diet or exercise program.

BetaStax ingredients

Vitamin B1
Chromemate® (chromium polynicotinate)
Xanthicore™ Proprietary Blend: Incorporated in each capsule is 768 mg of a proprietary blend that contains the following ingredients:

• CLA (conjugated linoleic acid)
• Caffeine
• Advantra Z® (synephrine, Citrus aurantium)
• Vinpocetine

PureWaySlim® Proprietary Blend: This blend contains a 250 mg combination of the following ingredients; CLA oil (providing 80% Conjugated Linoleic Acid), caffeine anhydrous, Advantra Z® Citrus aurantium fruit extract [standardized for synephrine], vinpocetine. , vegetable wax extract (standardized for 10% fatty acids), fenugreek extract (Trigonella foenum graceum) (seed) (standardized for 5% galactomannan), Astragalus root extract (Astragalus membranaceus L standardized for 5% polysaccharides), Tribulus terrestris fruit extract standardized for 5% saponins, Magnolia bark extract (Magnolia officinalis standardized for 1% honokiol), French lilac extract (Syringa vulgaris standardized for 5% saponins), Jojoba fruit extract (Simmondsia chinensis standardized for 1% phenolics), Phellodendron amurense leaf and stem extract standardized for 1% berberine), Eurycoma longifolia whole plant extract standardized for 1% saponins), and rice bran extract standardized for sterols, polyphenols, amino acids, polysaccharides, vitamins and fatty acids).

Other ingredients: Gelatin, rice bran oil, d-alpha tocopheryl acetate, titanium dioxide.
Allergen information: Contains corn, rice, animal products (beef, pork).

The drug phendimetrazine that is marketed under the brand name Bontril is used as an appetite suppressant for the management of obesity. The mode of action of Bontril is similar to that of amphetamines, which stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. Numerous side effects are associated with the use of Bontril. This drug should not be taken for more than a 3-month period. The body develops tolerance to its appetite suppressing effects over time. There is also no clear documentation regarding its effectiveness and safety beyond 12 weeks.

Bontril ingredients

Bontril is the brand name for the drug phendimetrazine.

Bontril side-effects

Do not crush or chew Bontril as this may cause increased side effects.

Many of the side effects associated with Bontril occur as a result of its stimulatory action on the sympathetic nervous system. Side effects of Bontril that may disappear during treatment include severe headache, restlessness, nausea, dizziness, flushing, blurring of vision, diarrhea, constipation, nervousness, insomnia, difficulty urinating, mood changes, difficulty breathing, swelling, changes in sex drive, hallucinations, seizures and dry mouth. Taking Bontril may also cause elevated blood pressure and an increased heart rate. If side effects persist contact a doctor.

Some of Bontrils’ side effects are associated with the hypersensitivity that some patients have to this drug. Allergic reactions can manifest as itching, rash, hives, difficulty breathing, tightness in the chest, swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue or eyelids. Such symptoms warrant an immediate cessation of Bontril therapy. Continued use of Bontril in individuals experiencing such side effects can lead to anaphylactic shock and respiratory arrest.

Bontril overdose

If Bontril overdose is suspected, call the emergency services or contact your local poison control center or emergency room immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include restlessness, tremor, rapid breathing, confusion, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach cramps. As Bontril can elevate blood pressure, these diet pills should not be taken by patients with even mild hypertension. Bontril may also interfere with the action of other anti-hypertensive drugs.

Bontril poisoning may result in convulsions, coma and death. The management of a Bontrol overdose is largely symptomatic. It includes hospitalization with intravenous sedation. If hypertension is pronounced, a powerful anti-hypertensive drug may be administered under cardiovascular monitoring.

Bontril contraindications

Bontril should not be taken by children under the age of 12 years. Bontril is on the 2009 WADA list of drugs that are banned for use by athletes and elite sports people. Bontril is considered a performance-enhancing substance.

Patients on Bontril should to be cautioned against operating machinery or driving a motor vehicle. In patients with diabetes, the insulin requirements and the concomitant dietary regimen may need to be altered in association with the use of Bontril. These diet pills should not be taken by pregnant women.

In addition, Bontril diet pills are not to be used by the following individuals that have: known allergic reactions to this class of drug; hyperthyroidism; advanced arteriosclerosis, heart disease, moderate to severe hypertension, thyroid abnormalities and glaucoma; a past history of drug or alcohol dependence or abuse; and use other drugs that affect the brain, heart or blood vessels.

Inform a doctor or pharmacist of all prescription and over-the-counter medicine being taken. Do not use Bontril if also taking guanadrel, guanethidine, furazolidone or monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

Before undertaking any medical or dental treatments, emergency care or surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that Bontril is being used.

Bontil abuse

Abuse of amphetamines and related drugs such as Bontril may be associated with psychological dependence and social dysfunction. Signs indicative of potential abuse include skin changes, irritability, hyperactivity, aggressiveness and personality changes. Prolonged use of Bontril diet pills at doses much higher than therapeutic recommendations have led to psychosis not unlike that observed in Schizophrenia.

Bontril dosage

Tolerance to the appetite suppressant effects of Bontril develops within a few weeks. The recommended dosage should never be exceeded in an attempt to increase the effect. Instead, Bontril therapy should be stopped. Increasing the dosage at this point will only enhance its side effects. Abrupt cessation of Bontril following high-dosage administration can result in extreme fatigue, insomnia and mental depression. Thus, it is recommended that the dosage be progressively reduced over time.

Bontril is prescribed as 35 mg pills or capsules. The maximum recommended dose is 70 mg taken three times a day. The drug should be ingested 1 or 2 hours prior to eating a meal. To avoid potential insomnia late evening dosing should be avoided. Weight loss treatment with Bontril should be re-evaluated at the end of a 4-week period. If the patient has lost less than 4.5 lbs then Bontril may not be the ideal weight loss treatment.

Avoid taking stimulants such as decongestants (found in many over-the-counter cough and cold medicines) or caffeine that may increase heart rate.

Common misspellings: Bontrol, Bintrol, Bantrol, Bontrils, Bentrol, Bonitril.

Qnexa is a proprietary drug formulation that incorporates the active ingredients from two previously approved products with proven weight loss properties – phentermine and topiramate. By combining the activity of each of these compounds in a once-daily, low-dose capsule formulation, Qnexa simultaneously targets appetite and satiety. The weight loss observed with Qnexa in the EQUIP and CONQUER clinical trials exceeded the weight loss observed for other agents reported in scientific literature. The most common side effects of Qnexa are itching, dry mouth, altered taste and constipation.

See also: Qnexa Review

Phentermine has been available for treating obesity since the 1950s and is still the most widely prescribed weight loss drug. Topiramate was approved in 1996 for treating epilepsy, and more recently as a prophylactic for migraine. The rationale behind Qnexa is to expand topiramate’s therapeutic window by using a low dose and combining it with phentermine. Topiramate works via GABA and other agonist properties and increases the sensation of fullness or satiety, while phentermine is noradrenergic and non-serotonergic, and reduces appetite.

Phentermine is released into the body immediately and helps reduce appetite. It was a major component of the recalled diet drug fen-phen, which was linked to heart and lung problems and was taken off the market ion 1997. Topiramate is time released and used in very low doses to give patients a feeling of satiety.

Side effects of Qnexa

Qnexa is claimed by the manufacturer to be well tolerated. The most common side effects are itching, dry mouth, altered taste and constipation.

Reported drug-related adverse events for depression and altered mood were 1.9% for full-dose Qnexa, 0.9% for the mid-dose and 1.8% for placebo patients.

The most common side effects reported by patients given a half-dose of Qnexa (7.5 mg of phentermine plus 46 mg of Topamax) or a full-dose of Qnexa (15 mg of phentermine plus 92 mg of Topamax) were:

• 15-20% reported a feeling of “pins and needles” on the skin versus 3% in the placebo group
• 12-18% reported dry mouth versus 0% in the placebo group
• 8-15% reported altered taste versus 0% in the placebo group
• 6-11% reported constipation versus 6 percent in the placebo group
• 0.9-1.9% reported depression and altered mood versus 1.8 percent in the placebo group

Qnexa and depression

Depression, or depressed mood adverse events of a moderate to severe nature, were less than 2% and were similar among patients in the Qnexa and placebo groups.

Qnexa and behaviour change and suicide attempts

There were no suicide attempts or suicidal behaviors, and there was no signal for suicidal ideation across all Qnexa treatment groups including the placebo. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) previously put out a warning that Topamax (topiramate) increases the risk of suicidal thoughts.

Qnexa discontinuation rates

Overall in clinical studies, discontinuation rates due to adverse cognitive events were low and the events were generally mild to moderate and reversible with discontinuation of treatment. There was one severe event in the treatment arm and one in the placebo arm that led to discontinuation. Discontinuation rates for these various cognitive-related events were low and all occurred at a frequency of less than 1%. This rate is considerably lower than the 3% discontinuation rate reported for Topamax (topiramate).

Qnexa ingredients

Qnexa is a propriety formulation. The key ingredients are topiramate and phentermine.

Qnexa is currently being evaluated in clinical studies at 3 different doses:

• Full strength: 92mg of topiramate/15 mg of phentermine
• Mid dose: 46mg of topiramate/7.5mg of phentermine
• Low dose: 23 mg of topiramate/3.75mg of phentermine

Reference

Press Releases from Vivus Inc. http://ir.vivus.com

Clinicallix is a high caffeine diet pill containing guarana and yerba mate. Taken at the recommended dosage this amounts to approximately 400 mg of caffeine or about 5 cups of coffee every day. Dieters who are sensitive to caffeine or other stimulants may experience side effects. Clinicallix can cause restlessness, anxiety and insomnia due to its high caffeine content.

See also: Clinicallix Review

Clinicallix dosage

Each bottle of Clinicallix contains 300 capsules and lasts for 30 days. The recommended dosage is 5 capsules taken twice daily, at 30 minutes before breakfast and lunch. The manufacturer indicates that the recommended dosage of Clinicallix should not be exceeded.

Clinicallix ingredients

Clinicallix contains 3 ‘compounds’. Each 5 capsule serving consists of:

Compound 1

Guarana (750 mg). Guarana is a common ingredient in many popular stimulant-based weight loss pills. It is included primarily for its caffeine content (caffeine is a potent thermogenic agent) but it also has anti-oxidant and diuretic properties. Harvested in Brazil and Uraguay, this wild-growing climbing shrub has been used for centuries as a general health-tonic and recently as an energizing drink. Guarana may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Side effects can include: anxiety; diarrhea; headache; increased urination; nausea; nervousness; shakiness; tremors; trouble sleeping; upset stomach; and vomiting.

Yerba Mate (400 mg). A South American shrub that contains the xanthine alkaloids caffeine, theobromine and theophylline. Yerba mate contains about half the caffeine of coffee. Theobromine and theophylline are stimulants, although they have a less potent effect on the central nervous system (CNS) than caffeine. Flushing, nausea, vomiting, irritability, nervousness, increased urination and headache may occur with yerba mate. If any of these effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor promptly. Stronger but very infrequent side effects include stomach pain, yellowing eyes and skin, dark urine, fever, muscle twitching and unusually fast/slow/irregular heartbeat.

Damiana (200 mg). A shrub that grows in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Damiana herb has been used as a general tonic for both men and women, particularly when hormone-related conditions are present. The herb also has antidepressant, anti-anxiety, diuretic and mild laxative effects. Damiana is relatively safe in regular doses, although the long term effects of Damiana use have not been evaluated. Damiana does have a traditional background as an abortive and therefore should not be taken during pregnancy. Damiana does have a mild hypoglycemic effect so those on diabetes medication or those who suffer from hypoglycemia must use caution with this supplement. Damiana may interfere with the body’s absorption of iron, so iron levels must be monitored while on this herb. The safety of this supplement in children has not been tested so it should not be used.

Compound 2

Glucomannan (1000 mg). This is essentially a soluble fiber supplement. Studies have shown that glucomannan can promote weight loss by absorbing dietary fats. Glucomannan can bind with and hinder the absorption of certain nutrients, meaning that it may adversely influence the effectiveness of the other ingredients in this formula.

Compound 3

Garcinia cambogia fruit extract (1500 mg). The active ingredient in Garcinia cambogia is hydroxycitric acid (HCA). This fruit is native to India and has been a part of the diet there for centuries. Numerous studies have concluded that HCA causes no adverse side effects and that the quantity and quality of scientific evidence is sufficient to support the safe, supplemental use of HCA at doses of up to 2,800 mg daily. There are no known medication interactions associated with the use of HCA. However, patients taking oral hypoglycemic agents are advised to use caution before using HCA, due to the possibility of exacerbating the action of hypoglycemic medications. Consult a physician before commencing use. Individuals diagnosed with Diabetes mellitus should use extreme caution in taking HCA/Garcinia cambogia due to its glycemic action. Individuals with Alzheimer’s disease or other dementia syndromes should also avoid using HCA. Pending additional research HCA is viewed as safe and non-toxic for most healthy adult individuals.

Gymnema sylvestre (75 mg). This is a woody climbing plant native to tropical regions of India. Its bitter leaves can eliminate the ability to taste sugar, thereby reducing cravings for sugar. Gymnema sylvestre has been used in Indian Ayurvedic medicine since the 6th century B.C. No side effects have been reported, but researchers have not established whether this herb is absolutely safe for pregnant women or during lactation.

Chromium polynicotinate (250 mcg). Chromium plays an important role in insulin production, which is key to the regulation of blood sugar levels. Chromium is also involved in carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Chromium has reported side effects, even when taken in low doses of 200-400 mcg per day. These side effects include headaches, insomnia and sleep disturbances. Irritability, mood change, and some weight gain may also occur. There have been cognitive, perceptual and motor dysfunction reported in some extreme cases. A high dose of chromium, 600-2400 mcg per day, may cause anemia, thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, hepatic dysfunction and renal failure.

The manufacturers of Relacore claim that the product has no known negative side effects. However, side effects reported on the internet from individuals who have used Relacore include hair loss, heart palpitations, blurred vision, blood pressure increase, drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, headaches, acne and welts.

As Relacore advertising suggests, you should get your healthcare professional’s approval before using the product. If your doctor suspects that you have a high level of cortisol that is contributing to weight gain, tests may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Measures taken in an effort to reduce cortisol levels in individuals who currently do not have an unhealthy cortisol level may present health risks. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should not take Relacore.

The manufacturers of Relacore claim that it has no known ‘negative’ side effects. However, side effects reported on the internet from individuals who have used Relacore include:

• Hair Loss
• Weight Gain
• Heart Palpitations
• Blurred Vision
• Blood Pressure Fluxuation
• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Headaches
• Acne
• Welts
• Disruption in the menses including severe cramping, irregular cycles, lengthy periods.
• Severe muscle weakness in limbs
• Difficultly sleeping – both insomnia and feeling tired
• Joint pain
• Swelling
• Difficulty concentrating

See also: Relacore review

How does Relacore work?

Relacore is a product that claims that weight gain is the result of excess stress. It has been designed to combat a stress hormone known as cortisol. This hormone is involved in a number of key processes in the body, for example glucose metabolism, blood pressure, immune function and inflammation. In times of stress the body can produce an excessive amount of cortisol. At high levels, cortisol can negatively affect cognitive performance, suppress thyroid function, cause blood sugar imbalances and promote the production of fat.

Relacore ingredients

Relacore contains the following ingredients: Vitamin C, Calcium, Thiamin, Riboflavin, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Biotin, Pantothenic Acid, Magnesium, Relacortin – a Proprietary Blend of: Magnolia (bark), SE, Passion Flower, (herb) SE, Scutellaria (root) SE, Niacinamide, DHEA, Panax Ginseng (root), Pinella (tuber), Poria (fungus), Jujuba (fruit), Perilla (leaf), Phosphotidylserine.

Relacore dosage

Each bottle contains 90 capsules (30 days supply).

Some users of the Lean System 7 have reported stomach aches, jittery feelings, nausea, insomnia, gas and occasionally, severe diarrhea. Even though Lean System 7 might work effectively for many users without serious side effects, the product has a high caffeine content. Yerba mate, green tea and guarana are all ingredients that contain caffeine. There are 700 milligrams of guarana and 500 milligrams of yerba mate in each of bottle of Lean System 7. Another ingredient, Citrus aurantium, is a component that could pose a health risk, as it may cause cardiovascular problems in high doses.

See also: Lean System 7 Review

Lean System 7 pros

• Positive internet testimonials outnumber the negative ones
• If Lean System 7 is purchased direct from the official website there is a 60-day unconditional money back guarantee
• ISatori, the manufacturer of Lean System 7 is an ethical and credible company

Lean System 7 cons

• Lean System 7 has a high caffeine content and can cause adverse side effects
• Lean System 7 is not regulated by the FDA, MHRA etc

Lean System 7 ingredients

Lean System 7 contains a proprietary blend of 7 fat burning herbal compounds. The exact blend differs slightly depending on the country where Lean System 7 is bought. The Lean System 7 formula contains:

Green tea: There is some evidence that green tea can promote weight loss (Mol Nutr Food Res 2006;50: 176-87; Am J Clin Nutr 81: 122-129; Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity 2000;24: 252-8; The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1999;70: 1040-5). Green tea contains caffeine. Users sensitive to caffeine could experience any of the following side effects: restlessness; irritability; sleeping problems; tremors; heart palpitations; loss of appetite; upset stomach; nausea; frequent urination; and skin rash.

Guarana: Guarana may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Side effects can include: Anxiety; diarrhea; headache; increased urination; nausea; nervousness; shakiness; tremors; trouble sleeping; upset stomach; vomiting.

Yerba mate: Flushing, nausea, vomiting, irritability, nervousness, increased urination and headache may occur with yerba mate. If any of these effects persist or worsen, contact your doctor promptly. Stronger but very infrequent side effects include stomach pain, yellowing eyes and skin, dark urine, fever, muscle twitching, unusually fast/slow/irregular heartbeat.

Citrus aurantium: Theoretically, Citrus aurantium extracts should promote fat burning since its active ingredients (synephrine and phenylephrine) are both sympathetic alpha agonists. This plant contains synephrine. There are studies that indicate that Synephrine can elevate blood pressure and heart rate (e.g. Ann. Pharmacother. [2006] 40(1):53-7).

Dandelion root/leaf: This plant is also included in the formulation for its diuretic properties. Dandelion is generally considered to be a relatively gentle herb without any serious side effects. However, some people have reported allergic reactions from merely touching dandelion but this is rare. Patients who are on pharmaceutical diuretics or drugs that have a diuretic action should not take supplements containing dandelion. In such cases, one of the possible side effects/interactions of dandelion is that it could lower the potency of the synthetic drug. Individuals on diabetes medications should also be aware that dandelion might increase the blood sugar lowering effects of those pharmaceutical drugs.

Bioperine: Bioperine is a standardized extract from the fruit of Piper nigrum L (black pepper), or Piper longum L (long pepper), that contains 95 percent Piperine. Piperine, in the patented form of Bioperine increases the body’s natural thermogenic activity. It also enhances the body’s absorption of nutrients. No significant Bioperine side effects have been reported so far. Minor gastrointestinal discomfort or GI symptoms may occur with high doses of Bioperine. Studies have not been carried out to determine the side effects of chronic supplementation with Bioperine.

Fucus nodosus (standardized to 10% fucoxanthan): Fucoxanthin is a type of carotenoid found naturally in edible brown seaweed and used in some weight loss products. It is claimed that fucoxanthin can boost metabolism and stimulate fat burning. Because there have been no clinical studies with Fucoxanthin, potential side effects are not known. It should be noted that large amounts of Wakame, or other types of seaweed, should not be consumed as a source of Fucoxanthin. Seaweed is rich in iodine and excessive consumption may result in iodine poisoning. High levels of iodine can interfere with the function of the thyroid gland. Also, consuming excess amounts of iodine-rich foods is not recommended if there is a known allergy or hypersensitivity to iodine.

Pomegranate extract: Studies on pomegranates for medical uses are few. Preliminary animal studies show promising results with this extract for weight loss. For most people, pomegranates do not cause significant side effects. However, allergic reactions are possible, even in people who have eaten pomegranates for years. Because these reactions can be quite dangerous, it is important to know the possible signs and symptoms. These can include: an unexplained rash, hives, or itching; wheezing or difficulty breathing; swelling of the lips, mouth, tongue, or throat; difficulty swallowing. Seek medical attention immediately if you think you may be having an allergic reaction to pomegranates.

7-Keto-DHEA: This is a naturally occurring metabolite of DHEA, a steroid hormone produced in the body, and believed to enhance metabolism. Because 7-keto-DHEA cannot trigger potentially dangerous levels of estrogen and testosterone in the body, which can occur in some patients who use DHEA, scientists now consider that 7-keto DHEA may be a safer alternative.

Some users of Curvelle have reported side effects that include upset stomach and jitteriness. Diet pills may contain ingredients that interact with other medications. If taking prescription drug or herbal medications, consult a medical professional for advice before taking Curvelle. Weight loss pills such as Curvelle are not FDA-approved for weight loss. Curvelle contains caffeine. Since caffeine is a stimulant, do not take Curvelle within 4 hours of sleeping. If taking Curvelle, reduce caffeine intake from other sources. Too much caffeine can cause nervousness, jittery feelings and heart palpitations.

What is Curvelle?

Curvelle is a fat burner designed specifically for women. Curvelle claims to control sugar cravings, burn excess calories and contain antioxidants to enhance health and radiance. Although the manufacturer claims that Curvelle is an effective fat burner and appetite suppressant, the ingredients do not appear particularly potent.

See also: Curvelle Fat Burner for Women

Curvelle ingredients

Curvelle contains a proprietary blend of 683 mg of ingredients that include:

Cinnulin PF: An extract from cinnamon bark that is believed to be able to balance the sugar levels in the bloodstream. Stabilization of insulin function is of great importance to slimmers. It is rapidly fluctuating blood sugar levels and the subsequent craving for sweet foods that hampers the efforts of many dieters. High doses of cinnamon have actually been demonstrated to be toxic, but Cinnulin PF has been tested clinically and shown to be safe to ingest daily.

Green tea: Contains caffeine that speeds up the body’s metabolic rate. The combination of green tea (standardized for caffeine and ECGC) and caffeine has been demonstrated to promote weight loss (Obes Res. 2005; 13: 1195-204). Users sensitive to caffeine could experience any of the following side effects: restlessness, irritability, sleeping problems, tremors, heart palpitations, loss of appetite, upset stomach, nausea, frequent urination and skin rash.

Razberi K: This compound is a ketone found in red raspberries. It is believed to help reduce body fat by decreasing dietary fat absorption in the small intestine, and stimulate increased production of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine which promotes the breakdown of fat stored in cells. There are no reported side effects in taking Razberi K.

Slow release natural caffeine: This variant of caffeine is incorporated in Curvelle. As good as this may be, dieters who are especially sensitive to caffeine should be careful when considering using Curvelle. This diet pill contains caffeine at a dosage equivalent to 3 cups of coffee. Excess caffeine may cause jitters, insomnia, headaches, increased heart rate and blood pressure.

Elderberry extract: This extract is rich in anthocyanins and antioxidants which have been shown to improve health and help fight oxidative stress in the body. There are no recognized adverse effects, although data is limited. It is suggested that a diuretic of elderberry extract may result in hypokalemia, but this has not been scientifically studied. There are no recognized drug interactions in taking elderberry extract. The stems, roots, unripe berries, and seeds may contain cyanide, and could cause vomiting and severe diarrhea if chewed or eaten uncooked. Ripe berries are safe when prepared for use in foods.

Curvelle dosage

Each container of Curvelle contains 100 capsules. Isotori, the manufacturers of this product, suggest taking two capsules before breakfast and lunch, as well as two before exercise.

There are several stimulants in the weight loss formula of the Fat Burner by Size 0 Labs. The caffeine, green coffee bean, green tea and Cha de Bugre all include stimulants that have been reported to cause jitters, headaches, nausea, stomach problems and other health issues in some users.

See also: Size 0 Fat Burner Review

Size 0 ingredients

The relevant weight loss ingredients in Size 0 are as follows:

Caffeine anhydrous: This compound is a thermogenic agent with clinically proven benefits for weight loss. Caffeine may cause jitters, insomnia, headaches, increased heart rate and raised blood pressure.

Green tea extract: There is evidence to indicate that green tea offers benefits to dieters. Studies have shown that the tea can elevate metabolism and inhibit the action of the enzyme amalyse. Users sensitive to caffeine could experience any of the following side effects: restlessness, irritability, sleeping problems, tremors, heart palpitations, loss of appetite, upset stomach, nausea, frequent urination and skin rash.

Green Coffee Bean Extract: Coffee made from green, unroasted coffee beans has recently been found to promote weight loss. The discovery parallels earlier research on green tea. Green coffee appears to have a more potent effect. There are two key types of compounds in unroasted coffee beans. The first is caffeine and the second is chlorogenic acid and its related compounds. Heating destroys the acids. Currently, there are no clinical studies on green coffee extract’s weight loss effects on humans. In human trials, no significant adverse effects have been seen. In theory, the caffeine content of green coffee bean extract could potentially cause problems for some people. However, since the compound only contains about 10% caffeine by weight, a high daily dose contains no more than about 20% of the caffeine content of a strong cup of coffee. Maximum safe doses in pregnant or nursing women, young children, or people with liver or kidney disease have not yet been established.

Naringin Citrus Extract: A powerful bioflavanoid found in grapefruit, giving it its bitter flavor. Naringin works synergistically with other nutrients, increasing their bio-availability and extending their effects in the body. This citrus extract also interferes with enzyme activity in the intestines, and therefore can inhibit the breakdown of certain drugs. Naringin has been shown to be non-toxic at levels many times greater than the recommended dosages. Even when taken daily, naringin seldom produces a significant allergic reaction. However, people who are allergic to citrus fruits should exercise caution in the use of naringin.

Cordia Salisifolia Extract: This extract, also known as Cha de Bugre, is becoming a common ingredient in weight loss products and supplements. While no significant side effects have been reported Cha de Bugre does contain caffeine.

Also present is cocoa extract, probably included as a mood enhancer.

In addition to the thermogenic complex in Size 0, there are three additional complexes:

Appetite Support Complex: A blend of Hoodia gordonii, jojoba seed extract and Griffonia simplicifolia seed extract.

Beauty Support Blend: A blend of biotin, collagen, choline, horsetail leaf extract, hyaluronic acid, inositol, l-cycsteine, l-methionine, coenzyme Q10, silica, and chamomile flower leaf extract.

Estrogen Support Complex: A blend of chaste tree berry, daidzen, dong quai root and vitex agnus castus.

Size 0 recommended dosage

Each bottle of Size 0 contains 100 tablets As a dietary supplement, the manufacturers recommend taking 1-2 tablets, 2-3 times daily, 30 minutes before eating, with 16 oz of water. Begin use with a lower dose to assess tolerance.

Many of the ingredients in LipoFuze can also be found in another controversial diet pill, Apidexin. The medicinal herbs and other natural ingredients that are typically found in weight loss products need to be present in a potent enough dosage to have any effect. As the proportion of each ingredient in LipoFuze is not disclosed, it is difficult to assess if they present in the required dosages to promote significant weight loss.

The effects of potential interaction between the 14 ingredients in LipoFuze have not been clinically evaluated. Internet reviews indicate that some users have reported headaches, nausea, insomnia, profuse sweating and increased heart rate after taking LipoFuze.

Related article: LipoFuze

LipoFuze ingredients

Lipofuze is fat burner which contains 6 patented and 4 clinically tested ingredients. The ingredients include:

ThermoDiamine: This ingredient is the patented form of evodiamine, a Chinese fruit that is claimed to burn fat by increasing the body’s production of heat and reducing the body’s ability to store fat. But no studies have been conducted in man so far. To date only an animal-based study has been carried out and there is no clinical data on whether or not evodiamine works in human subjects.

Razberi-K: Also known as raspberry ketone or 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butan-2-one, this ingredient is thought to enhance weight loss via the stimulation of norepinephrine. Razberi-K is said to aid fat oxidation, but studies on human beings have not convincingly proved its effectiveness. One study performed on rodents demonstrated that raspberry ketones prevented fat synthesis as well as the rise of blood triglycerides and overall, helped prevent excess weight gain. The chemical structure of raspberry ketone is similar to that of capsaicin and synephrine. Both of these compounds are well documented for their ability to boost thermogenesis through the release of norepinephrine. However, there are health risks with these two ingredients; synephrine has been shown to have dangerous cardiovascular side effects, while capsaicin has been demonstrated to cause gastrointestinal problems in many users. There are no documented side effects related to raspberry ketone consumption.

FucoPure: This is the patented version of fucoxanthin, a seaweed extract. There are a number of studies that demonstrate fucoxanthin’s ability to boost metabolism, but to date, they have all been carried out in pre-clinical studies on animals. It is also proven that, this ingredient cannot be absorbed by human body easily. Additionally, it has been shown clinically that compounds like fucoxanthin have low bioavailability in man (see Br J Nutr. 2008 Aug;100(2):273-7). One gram of seaweed has several times the amount of iodine that most adults require on a daily basis. Therefore, a potential fucoxanthin side effect could include changes in thyroid function due to iodine excess.

ForsLean: ForsLean is derived from the root of Coleaus forskohlii, which is native to warm temperate habitats including India, and is the only known plant source of the natural compound Forskolin. Amongst other effects, this compound is understood to increase lean body mass and help optimize body composition though cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) activation. A number (but not all) of clinical studies have indicated that Coleaus forskohlii may cause an increase in heart rate and a decrease in blood pressure.

GuggulEZ100: This is a patented extract of Commiphora mukul. Other common names are Gugalipids and Guggul. In India Guggul is used widely for the reduction of blood cholesterol. Guggul lowers cholesterol and triglyceride levels and helps maintain a healthy balance of HDL, the good cholesterol, relative to LDL, the bad cholesterol (the HDL/LDL ratio), thereby protecting against cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. A number of studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of Guggul. Researchers concluded that Guggal was safe and highly effective in lowering the various lipid fractions that are known to contribute to coronary heart disease. There is some clinical evidence to suggest that Guggul may promote fat burning (see J Postgrad Med. 1995 Jan-Mar;41(1):5-7) by stimulating the secretion of thyroid T3 hormone.

Green tea: Green tea has been shown to promote some weight loss. However, it needs to be used in relatively high concentration, and contain high levels of catechins. In Lipofuze, the amount of green tea present in the formulation is not indicated. Users sensitive to caffeine could experience any of the following side effects: restlessness, irritability, sleeping problems, tremors, heart palpitations, loss of appetite, upset stomach, nausea, frequent urination and skin rash.

Bioperine: This ingredient is a standardized extract from the fruit of Piper nigrum L (black pepper) or Piper longum L (long pepper). It contains 95 percent Piperine. Bioperine has been shown in clinical research to increase the absorption of ingredients in nutritional supplement formulations. Additional absorption, even if true, may or may not necessarily be beneficial. It is possible that the use of Bioperine may increase the side effects of certain supplements due to increased absorption.

Capsaicin: This compound is found in chile peppers. It is believed that capsaicin generates heat in the body thereby boosting the burning of calories. However, it appears that very high doses are required for it to be effective. Severe gastrointestinal side effects have been reported in patients ingesting capsaicin. While rare, serious allergic reactions to capsaicin can occur. Contact a physician immediately should difficulty breathing, skin rash, hives, swelling of the throat, lips, or face, severe dizziness, or itching be experienced.

Synephrine HCL: Synephrine is derived from the Citrus aurantium plant used for a variety of purposes in traditional Chinese medicine. Research indicates that it can act as an effective stimulant. After Ephedra was banned by the F.D.A., diet pill makers sought to discover an equivalent. They thought they had found it with Synephrine and, while Synephrine is effective, there is no research that points to Ephedra and Synephrine being comparable. Synephrine can help burn fat, suppress appetite and increase energy. However, clinical studies have revealed that Citrus aurantium induces a relatively modest increase in thermogenesis. Reported side effects include: increased heart rate and blood pressure, insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, tremor, dry mouth, blurred vision, and headache. Synephrine may also reduce the ability to urinate. Consult a physician if you have any history of cardiac disease, high blood pressure, anxiety, or urinary problems. Also, combining decongestants with other medicines with similar side effects may lead to dangerous complications.

7-OXO DHEA: This compound is a metabolite of DHEA, a steroid hormone. This ingredient has been shown to have a positive effect on thyroid hormone levels in obese people, without apparent side effects (see J Nutr Biochem. 2007; 18(9):629-34. Current Therapeutics, (7):435-442 2000). 7-OXO DHEA has been found to be safe in animals at high doses and in humans at up to 200 mg daily. 7-OXO-DHEA should not be taken if you are being treated with glucocorticoids, as it may interfere with their effectiveness.

Other ingredients in the LipoFuze formulation include cinnamon, phenylethylamine, ginger, and 20-hydroxyecdysone (a plant steroid considered to have anabolic activity in mammals).

Is Lipofuze effective?

User feedback on Lipofuze has varied. Some have reported fast weight loss in the first few days (water loss?) when combined with diet and exercise, but the rate of weight loss is lower than claimed by the manufacturers.